A simple ZVI-Fenton pre-oxidation using steel-nails for NOM degradation in water treatment

The feasibility of a heterogeneous Fenton Process (ZVI/H2O2) using commercial low-carbon-steel nails as the Zero-Valent Iron (ZVI) source was evaluated for first time removal natural organic matter (NOM) from surface waters with distinct physico-chemical characteristics. synergistic effect ZVI and H2O2 on process confirmed. Results showed similar efficiencies NOM in water samples Thames river Regent's Park lake (both London, UK) (under initial pH 3.5 100% excess dosage), reaching dissolved carbon (DOC) removals 61.6% ± 3.0 59.6% 4.7, UV254 79.9% 0.6 77.3 6.2, respectively 60 min batch reaction time. nail characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), photoemission (XPS) revealed formation passivating oxide-hydroxide layer during reaction, which reduces its activity 20% continuous use. indicate that ZVI/H2O2 iron is promising pre-oxidation step drinking treatment. low cost together facility separating them are main advantages application this remote regions limitations infrastructure and/or finance.